中央集権型取引所（CEX）
ユーザーの資金を預かり、中央注文板で売買注文をマッチングする企業運営の暗号資産取引所。
主要CEX：Binance、Coinbase、Kraken、OKX。収益：取引手数料（0.1–0.5%）、スプレッド、上場手数料。CEX vs DEX：CEXは高流動性・法定通貨対応だが保管リスクあり。
graph LR
Center["中央集権型取引所（CEX）"]:::main
Rel_cex["cex"]:::related -.-> Center
click Rel_cex "/terms/cex"
Rel_proof_of_stake["proof-of-stake"]:::related -.-> Center
click Rel_proof_of_stake "/terms/proof-of-stake"
Rel_singularitynet["singularitynet"]:::related -.-> Center
click Rel_singularitynet "/terms/singularitynet"
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linkStyle default stroke:#4b5563,stroke-width:2px;
🧒 5歳でもわかるように説明
[CEX](/ja/terms/cex)は銀行と証券取引所を合わせたもので、暗号資産版です。ビットコインを預けると（彼らが保管）、その取引プラットフォームで売買できます。問題は：もし『銀行』が破産したら、お金がなくなるかもしれません。2022年のFTXで実際に起きたことです。
🤓 Expert Deep Dive
❓ よくある質問
What is the main risk of using a CEX?
Custodial risk: you do not control your private keys. If the exchange is hacked, goes bankrupt (like FTX in 2022), or freezes withdrawals, you may lose access to your funds.
What is Proof-of-Reserves?
A Proof-of-Reserves (PoR) is a cryptographic attestation that a CEX actually holds the assets it claims to hold for users. After FTX collapsed, it became a standard practice for exchanges to publish Merkle-tree-based PoR reports. However, PoR only proves assets, not liabilities.
What is the difference between a maker and a taker on a CEX?
A market maker places a limit order that sits on the order book, adding liquidity. A taker executes against an existing order, removing liquidity. Makers typically pay lower fees than takers.