Основы блокчейна
Введение в технологию распределенного реестра.
A blockchain is a database where data is stored in blocks that are chained together. Each block contains a hash of itself and the previous block, ensuring immutability. It is typically decentralized, meaning consensus is reached by a global node network. In 2026, the focus has moved from simple ledgers to modular storage and data availability layers.
graph LR
Center["Основы блокчейна"]:::main
Pre_cryptography["cryptography"]:::pre --> Center
click Pre_cryptography "/terms/cryptography"
Pre_distributed_systems["distributed-systems"]:::pre --> Center
click Pre_distributed_systems "/terms/distributed-systems"
Rel_layer_1["layer-1"]:::related -.-> Center
click Rel_layer_1 "/terms/layer-1"
Rel_distributed_ledger_technology_dlt["distributed-ledger-technology-dlt"]:::related -.-> Center
click Rel_distributed_ledger_technology_dlt "/terms/distributed-ledger-technology-dlt"
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classDef pre fill:#0f172a,stroke:#3b82f6,color:#94a3b8,rx:5,ry:5;
classDef child fill:#0f172a,stroke:#10b981,color:#94a3b8,rx:5,ry:5;
classDef related fill:#0f172a,stroke:#8b5cf6,stroke-dasharray: 5 5,color:#94a3b8,rx:5,ry:5;
linkStyle default stroke:#4b5563,stroke-width:2px;
🧒 Простыми словами
Это как общая цифровая тетрадь, которую нельзя порвать или подделать. Каждая новая запись видна всем, и старые записи изменить невозможно, поэтому все доверяют этой системе.
🤓 Expert Deep Dive
Core tech includes Cryptographic [Hashing](/ru/terms/cryptographic-hashing) (SHA-256), [Public-Key Cryptography](/ru/terms/public-key-cryptography) (ECDSA), and P2P Networking. The system solves the Byzantine Generals Problem using economic incentives. Modern developments separate data availability from execution to solve the scaling trilemma.