mev-(miner-extractable-value)
MEV, o Valor Extraíble por Minero, representa la ganancia que un minero puede obtener manipulando el orden de las transacciones en un bloque.
MEV surge de la capacidad de los mineros (o validadores en sistemas de Proof-of-Stake) para reordenar, insertar o censurar transacciones dentro de un bloque. Esto les permite extraer valor de oportunidades como arbitraje, front-running y ataques sandwich. El valor extraído es la diferencia entre el precio al que un minero compra un activo y el precio al que lo vende, o la ganancia obtenida al explotar la asimetría de la información. MEV es una preocupación significativa en el espacio blockchain, ya que puede provocar congestión de la red, aumento de las tarifas de transacción y ventajas injustas para aquellos con los recursos para explotarlo.
graph LR
Center["mev-(miner-extractable-value)"]:::main
Pre_cryptography["cryptography"]:::pre --> Center
click Pre_cryptography "/terms/cryptography"
Rel_front_running["front-running"]:::related -.-> Center
click Rel_front_running "/terms/front-running"
Rel_mev_extraction["mev-extraction"]:::related -.-> Center
click Rel_mev_extraction "/terms/mev-extraction"
Rel_mev["mev"]:::related -.-> Center
click Rel_mev "/terms/mev"
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🧠 Prueba de conocimiento
🧒 Explícalo como si tuviera 5 años
[MEV](/es/terms/mev) for miners was like a cashier who could decide the order of customers checking out, letting themselves go first if they saw someone about to pay with a rare collectible.
🤓 Expert Deep Dive
The concept of Miner Extractable Value emerged prominently with the growth of decentralized finance (DeFi) on platforms like Ethereum, where on-chain activities created significant economic opportunities exploitable through [transaction ordering](/es/terms/transaction-ordering). Miners, by controlling block composition, could capture value from arbitrage, liquidations, and other DeFi-native strategies. This power was often exercised through private channels or by observing the public mempool. The 'selfish mining' strategy is related, aiming to maximize block rewards by withholding discovered blocks, but MEV focuses on extracting value within a block. The transition to Proof-of-Stake (PoS) has shifted this power from miners to validators and block builders, leading to the broader term Maximal Extractable Value (MEV), but the fundamental principle of extracting value via block production control remains.