mev-(miner-extractable-value)
MEV, ou Miner Extractable Value, representa o lucro que um minerador pode obter manipulando a ordem das transações em um bloco.
MEV surge da capacidade dos mineradores (ou validadores em sistemas Proof-of-Stake) de reordenar, inserir ou censurar transações dentro de um bloco. Isso lhes permite extrair valor de oportunidades como arbitragem, front-running e ataques sandwich. O valor extraído é a diferença entre o preço pelo qual um minerador compra um ativo e o preço pelo qual ele o vende, ou o lucro obtido explorando a assimetria da informação. MEV é uma preocupação significativa no espaço blockchain, pois pode levar à congestão da rede, aumento das taxas de transação e vantagens injustas para aqueles com recursos para explorá-lo.
graph LR
Center["mev-(miner-extractable-value)"]:::main
Pre_cryptography["cryptography"]:::pre --> Center
click Pre_cryptography "/terms/cryptography"
Rel_front_running["front-running"]:::related -.-> Center
click Rel_front_running "/terms/front-running"
Rel_mev_extraction["mev-extraction"]:::related -.-> Center
click Rel_mev_extraction "/terms/mev-extraction"
Rel_mev["mev"]:::related -.-> Center
click Rel_mev "/terms/mev"
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🧠 Teste de conhecimento
🧒 Explique como se eu tivesse 5 anos
[MEV](/pt/terms/mev) for miners was like a cashier who could decide the order of customers checking out, letting themselves go first if they saw someone about to pay with a rare collectible.
🤓 Expert Deep Dive
The concept of Miner Extractable Value emerged prominently with the growth of decentralized finance (DeFi) on platforms like Ethereum, where on-chain activities created significant economic opportunities exploitable through [transaction ordering](/pt/terms/transaction-ordering). Miners, by controlling block composition, could capture value from arbitrage, liquidations, and other DeFi-native strategies. This power was often exercised through private channels or by observing the public mempool. The 'selfish mining' strategy is related, aiming to maximize block rewards by withholding discovered blocks, but MEV focuses on extracting value within a block. The transition to Proof-of-Stake (PoS) has shifted this power from miners to validators and block builders, leading to the broader term Maximal Extractable Value (MEV), but the fundamental principle of extracting value via block production control remains.