# Hardware Security
Hardware security protege dispositivos e seus dados contra tampering e vazamento, aplicando secure boot, trusted execution, protected key storage e robustas proteções físicas.
Hardware security abrange um espectro de tecnologias e práticas para defender o hardware do dispositivo e seus dados contra ameaças. As áreas chave incluem:
1) Secure Boot: garante que o sistema inicie apenas firmware confiável, estabelecendo uma root of trust que se estende de hardware, firmware e software.
2) Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs): isolam código e dados sensíveis, reduzindo a exposição a OS ou apps comprometidos.
3) Hardware Security Modules (HSMs) e Secure Elements: fornecem protected key storage e operações criptográficas aceleradas.
4) Cryptographic Techniques: robust key management, hardware-based key storage, random bit generation, anti-tamper measures, algorithm agility e secure attestation.
5) Physical Security: tamper-evident seals, shielding, failure-safe encapsulations e proteções ambientais.
6) Firmware e Supply Chain Security: secure boot chains, signed firmware, secure updates e supply chain auditing.
7) Threat Modeling, Verification e Compliance: avaliações formais de risco, testes (FIPS 140-3, CC) e governança contínua.
8) Operational Practices: controle de acesso rigoroso, rotação e destruição de chaves, resposta a incidentes e auditabilidade.
graph LR
Center["# Hardware Security"]:::main
Rel_operating_system_security["operating-system-security"]:::related -.-> Center
click Rel_operating_system_security "/terms/operating-system-security"
Rel_iot_security["iot-security"]:::related -.-> Center
click Rel_iot_security "/terms/iot-security"
Rel_security_automation["security-automation"]:::related -.-> Center
click Rel_security_automation "/terms/security-automation"
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❓ Perguntas frequentes
What is hardware security?
Hardware security is the practice of protecting devices and the data they process from threats through a combination of hardware-based protections and secure software practices.
What are Secure Boot and TEEs?
Secure Boot establishes a chain of trust during startup, while TEEs provide isolated environments for sensitive computations and data.
Why are physical protections necessary?
Physical protections prevent tampering, environmental damage, and unauthorized access to embedded keys and secrets.
How are keys protected in hardware?
Keys are stored in tamper-resistant storage such as HSMs/secure elements and are used through controlled cryptographic operations.